Normal wear and tear is the natural, gradual decline a rental undergoes from everyday living — lightly worn carpet, minor scuffs, faded paint, small nail holes. It’s distinguished from tenant-caused damage, which is deterioration beyond ordinary use, like large holes, broken fixtures, or heavy staining.
The distinction drives money at move-out: landlords generally may deduct the cost of repairing damage from a security deposit, but not the cost of fixing ordinary wear, which is treated as a cost of doing business. Where the line falls can be a judgment call and varies by jurisdiction, which is why documenting the unit’s condition at move-in and move-out — ideally with dated photos — is the best protection for both sides. This is general education, not legal advice.
This is general educational information, not legal or tax advice. Rules vary by state and locality and change over time — check your local law and confirm specifics with a qualified professional.