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50% rule calculator
Screen a rental’s cash flow in seconds. The 50% rule assumes operating expenses run about half of gross rent; enter the rent and mortgage payment for a quick, rough read.
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The short answer
Last updated: July 2026
The 50% rule is a screening rule of thumb: assume a rental’s operating expenses run about half of gross rent, then subtract the mortgage payment to estimate cash flow. On $2,600 rent, it pegs expenses near $1,300, so a $1,200 mortgage leaves roughly $100 a month. It’s a fast filter, not real underwriting.
50% rule calculator
A quick cash-flow screen for a rental.
The 50% rule assumes operating expenses run about half of gross rent. Enter the rent and the mortgage payment for a fast, rough read on monthly cash flow.
Monthly gross rent
$
Monthly mortgage payment (P&I)
$
Principal and interest only — the 50% estimate is meant to cover taxes, insurance, and upkeep separately.
Input-driven result
Your inputs
Formula
Result below
Estimated monthly cash flow
$100
Rent $2,600 − 50% expenses $1,300 − mortgage $1,200.
Estimated operating expenses
$1,300
The rule's assumption: about 50% of gross rent goes to operating costs (not the mortgage).
Estimate based on your inputs. Not a promise of results.
The 50% rule is a screening rule of thumb, not a substitute for real numbers. Actual expenses vary widely with age, taxes, and management. Use it to filter deals quickly, then verify with itemized figures.
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How it works
How this tool works.
The 50% rule is a shortcut investors use to screen deals before digging into real numbers. It assumes that, over time, operating expenses — everything but the mortgage — eat about half of gross rent. That single assumption turns a listing into a rough cash-flow read in seconds.
Enter the monthly rent and your mortgage payment, and this calculator applies the rule for you: half of rent set aside for expenses, the rest weighed against the loan. Treat the result as a first-pass filter, not a substitute for itemized costs.
1
Enter the monthly gross rent for the unit.
2
Enter the monthly mortgage payment — principal and interest only.
3
The tool sets estimated operating expenses at 50% of rent, then subtracts the mortgage to estimate monthly cash flow.
4
Use it to quickly rule deals in or out, then confirm the winners with real, itemized numbers.
Make the result useful
Fifty-percent-rule screening
Gross rent is the recurring income used for the quick expense placeholder.
The 50% factor is a screening assumption for operating expenses before debt.
Mortgage debt service is intentionally excluded from the placeholder.
Actual expense history should replace the shortcut whenever available.
The assumptions that move this result
Gross rent
Monthly or annual rent on a consistent basis.
Rule factor
50% operating-expense placeholder.
Debt service
Separate loan cost not in the formula.
Period
Matching period for rent and expense estimate.
Calculation lens
operating-expense placeholder = gross rent × 50%
Use the output as a documented scenario result, not a guarantee.
Read the number in context
Worked scenario
Scenario: $3,000 rent leaves $1,500 for operating expenses before debt.
Edge case
Edge case: a new property may spend far less now but still need reserves.
Not a property-specific expense forecast.
Before you act
Replace with itemized expenses.
Keep debt service separate.
Test repairs and vacancy.
Worked formula
operating-expense placeholder = gross rent × 50%
Is this a forecast?
No. It calculates the assumptions you enter.
Can it replace professional review?
No. Use current records and qualified advice.
What should I save?
Keep the assumptions and source records used for the decision.
Answers
Questions, answered plainly.
Why 50%?
It’s a rule of thumb drawn from the observation that, across many properties and over time, operating expenses tend to land near half of gross rent. It’s a convenient average for screening, not a figure for any specific property.
Do the expenses in the 50% include the mortgage?
No. The 50% covers operating costs — taxes, insurance, maintenance, management, and vacancy. The mortgage is separate and subtracted after, which is why the rule works as rent × 0.5 minus the loan payment.
Can I rely on the 50% rule to buy?
Use it only to screen. Actual expense ratios vary widely with property age, taxes, and management. Once a deal passes the screen, replace the assumption with real, itemized figures before committing.
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