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CapEx reserve calculator
Turn your list of big-ticket replacements — roof, water heater, appliances — into one monthly set-aside. You supply the costs and timelines; the tool spreads them into a monthly number.
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The short answer
Last updated: July 2026
A CapEx (capital expenditure) reserve is money set aside monthly for big-ticket replacements like roofs and water heaters. For each item, divide its replacement cost by the years until replacement, then by 12, and sum the results. A $12,000 roof due in 20 years adds $50 a month to the reserve.
CapEx reserve calculator
Size a monthly reserve for big replacements.
List the big-ticket components you expect to replace, what each will cost, and how many years away it is. The tool spreads each cost over that timeline into one monthly set-aside.
Components (name + replacement cost + years away)
$
yrs
$
yrs
$
yrs
Add a component
The starting rows are editable examples, not lifespan guidance — replace every name, cost, and timeline with your own numbers (a contractor quote or inspection report is the best source).
Input-driven result
Your inputs
Formula
Result below
Suggested monthly set-aside
$89.31
About $1,072 a year, spread across 3 components.
Roof ($12,000 ÷ 20 yrs)
$50.00/mo
Water heater ($1,800 ÷ 10 yrs)
$15.00/mo
Kitchen appliances ($3,500 ÷ 12 yrs)
$24.31/mo
Estimate based on your inputs. Not a promise of results.
Estimate only. This is planning arithmetic on your own cost and timeline assumptions — real replacement costs change, things fail early or last longer, and it ignores interest earned on the reserve and inflation.
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How it works
How this tool works.
The expenses that wreck a rental’s cash flow are rarely the monthly ones — they’re the roof, the furnace, the water heater that all seem to fail in the same bad year. A capital-expenditure reserve is the standard defense: instead of absorbing a five-figure surprise, you set aside a steady monthly amount so the money is already there when the component gives out.
This calculator sizes that set-aside from your own list. Add a row for each big-ticket component with what it will cost to replace and how many years away you think that is — the starting rows are editable examples, not lifespan guidance. The tool spreads each cost over its timeline and sums them into one suggested monthly number. It’s planning arithmetic on your assumptions, nothing more.
1
List each big-ticket component — roof, HVAC, water heater, appliances, whatever applies to your property.
2
For each row, enter the replacement cost and the number of years until you expect to replace it. Contractor quotes and inspection reports are the best sources for both.
3
The tool computes cost ÷ years ÷ 12 for each row and sums them into a suggested monthly set-aside.
4
Revisit the list after every inspection — as timelines shorten or quotes change, the monthly number changes with them.
Make the result useful
Separate major replacements from routine repairs
A CapEx reserve spreads your own estimated replacement costs over time. It is a planning fund for major components, not a prediction that every item fails on schedule.
Use inspection findings and contractor input to revise costs and timing.
The assumptions that move this result
Replacement cost
Your current best estimate for the component.
Years away
Your planned timeline, not a guaranteed lifespan.
Components
Major items kept separate from ordinary repairs.
Worked scenario
A $12,000 roof expected in ten years implies $100/month before inflation or interest, based solely on that assumption.
Is this maintenance?
It is for major replacement planning, not routine repairs.
Should inflation be included?
Consider it separately when setting your assumptions.
Answers
Questions, answered plainly.
Where do the lifespan numbers come from?
From you. The starting rows are editable examples to show the format, not a claim about how long anything typically lasts. Real lifespans depend on climate, usage, installation quality, and maintenance — a roofer’s or inspector’s estimate for your specific property beats any generic table.
What does this tool not tell me?
It doesn’t predict when anything will actually fail, and components don’t read spreadsheets — a water heater can die a decade early. It also ignores inflation in replacement costs and any interest the reserve earns. Treat the output as a savings pace, not a guarantee the money will be exactly enough.
Is a CapEx reserve the same as a maintenance budget?
No. Maintenance covers recurring repairs — leaky faucets, servicing, touch-up paint. CapEx covers replacing whole components or systems. Most landlords budget them separately because they behave differently: maintenance is steady, CapEx is lumpy.
Are reserve contributions tax-deductible?
Setting money aside is not itself a deductible expense — tax treatment generally applies when you actually spend, and repairs and capital improvements are treated differently under current IRS rules. Confirm the specifics with your CPA.
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